Uterin fibroids

Fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas, are benign tumors that develop from the muscle tissue of the uterus. Fibroids can vary in size and location, causing a range of symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, or pressure. Fibroids can grow either inside or outside the uterine wall, potentially distorting the shape of the uterus. While generally harmless, an accurate diagnosis is essential to distinguish them from very rare malignant tumors.

Risk Factors for Fibroids

The exact cause of fibroids is still unclear, but it is believed that hormones such as estrogen and progesterone play a role. Various factors, including age at first menstruation, genetic predisposition, lifestyle, and the number of pregnancies, may increase the risk of developing fibroids. However, fibroids can also develop in the absence of identifiable risk factors.

Symptoms of Fibroids

Fibroids can range from microscopic to the size of a grapefruit or larger. Not all fibroids cause complaints, but in some women, the symptoms can be significant. The most common signs include:

• Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: Extended or very heavy bleeding is a typical symptom of fibroids. If you soak through a pad or tampon within an hour or your bleeding lasts more than seven days, you should consult a gynecologist. Heavy bleeding can lead to iron deficiency anemia, causing fatigue or weakness.
• Pelvic Pressure and Pain: Larger fibroids can cause a feeling of pressure or fullness in the pelvic area, similar to pregnancy. Fibroids can also press on nearby organs, leading to bladder issues or constipation.
• Fertility Problems and Pregnancy Complications: While most women with fibroids can become pregnant without issues, fibroids that alter the shape of the uterus can impair fertility. Surgical removal of fibroids may improve fertility in some cases. Speak with us to determine whether your fibroids need treatment to facilitate pregnancy.

If you experience these symptoms, our clinic offers operative treatment options to effectively relieve fibroid-related discomfort.

Diagnosis of Fibroids

Fibroids may be suspected during a routine gynecological examination if the uterus is enlarged or irregularly shaped. The diagnosis is confirmed by a pelvic ultrasound

Treatment Options for Fibroids

If your fibroids do not cause significant symptoms, your gynecologist may consider conservative treatment options such as medication. Medical treatments include:

• Iron Supplements and Vitamins: If you suffer from anemia due to heavy bleeding, iron supplements and multivitamins may be recommended. Your gynecologist can determine if you have iron deficiency through a blood test.
• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Pain relievers such as ibuprofen can help alleviate menstrual pain and, in some cases, reduce bleeding. If over-the-counter NSAIDs are insufficient, your gynecologist may prescribe stronger alternatives.
• Hormonal Contraceptives: Hormonal contraceptive methods, such as the pill, patch, vaginal ring, or implant, can help reduce bleeding and cramps during menstruation. Your gynecologist will help you choose the method best suited to your situation.
• Antifibrinolytic Drugs: These medications promote blood clotting and can quickly reduce heavy menstrual bleeding. They do not affect fertility and are a good option when other medications are unsuitable. Consult your gynecologist for more information.
• GnRH Agonists and Antagonists: These medications temporarily stop the production of estrogen and progesterone, causing fibroids to shrink and reducing bleeding. This therapy is typically used for short periods and may be recommended by your gynecologist.

Minimally Invasive and Surgical Treatments

For women with severe symptoms or fertility issues, surgical or minimally invasive treatments are often the most effective solutions. At our clinic, we offer the most advanced surgical procedures and specialize in minimally invasive surgery. We are one of the few training centers in Germany for minimally invasive surgery, and all of our physicians have the highest MIC 3 qualification. Treatment options include:

• Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE): This minimally invasive treatment cuts off the blood supply to the fibroids, causing them to shrink. UAE is ideal for women who do not plan to become pregnant in the future.
• Magnetic Resonance-Guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS): A non-invasive method using ultrasound waves to target and destroy fibroids.
• Radiofrequency Ablation: This technique uses heat to destroy fibroid tissue and is a minimally invasive option for women who do not plan future pregnancies.

Our surgical specialties include:

• Myomectomy: The removal of fibroids while preserving the uterus is an excellent option for women who wish to have children in the future. Our experienced surgical team regularly performs these procedures using minimally invasive techniques to reduce recovery time and minimize the risk of complications.
• Endometrial Ablation: This procedure removes the lining of the uterus to reduce heavy bleeding. It is particularly suited for women who have not responded to other conservative treatments. This method is also minimally invasive and allows for a quick recovery.
• Hysterectomy: In cases where other treatments are unsuccessful or the patient does not wish to have future pregnancies, the removal of the uterus may be a permanent solution. Our team specializes in performing hysterectomies safely and gently, ensuring a smooth recovery.

Which Treatment Is Right for Me?

There are many treatment options for fibroids, and choosing the right one can be challenging. At our clinic, we offer specialized surgical treatments, particularly in the field of minimally invasive surgery. We provide comprehensive consultations to help you select the most appropriate method. For conservative treatment options, please consult your gynecologist.